Cor triatriatum sinister e hipertensão arterial pulmonar secundária em cão / Cor triatriatum sinister and secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension in a dog

This paper describes the occurrence of cor triatriatum sinister, a rare cardiac malformation in dogs, associated with pulmonary edema and pulmonary hypertension in a 5-year-old Poodle female with history of acute dyspnea and cyanosis. The animal presented acute respiratory failure, heart failure with low cardiac output, progressing to acute tubular necrosis and death. The diagnosis was made posmortem due to the clinical instability of the dog. This malformation was diagnosed by the subdivision of the left atrium into two compartments separated by an abnormal fibromuscular membrane, absence of structural abnormalities of the mitral valve and thickening of pulmonary artery tunica media associated with renal tubular degeneration. The occurrence of cor triatriatum in dogs is most common in the right atrium, defined as cor triatriatum dexter. Additionally, pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with this malformation is described only in humans with this heart defect.

Ventilação mandatória intermitente sincronizada versus ventilação com suporte pressórico e volume garantido em coelhos induzidos à hemorragia aguda / Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation versus volume assured pressure support ventilation in rabbits induced to acute hemorrhage

Avaliaram-se os efeitos da ventilação mandatória intermitente sincronizada (SIMV) e da ventilação com pressão de suporte e volume garantido (VAPSV) sobre os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios em coelhos anestesiados com propofol e submetidos à hipovolemia aguda. Vinte animais da raça Nova Zelândia foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: GM sob SIMV e GV sob VAPSV. Na medicação pré-anestésica, foram administradas quetamina (15mg/kg) e xilazina (1mg/kg) intramuscular. O propofol foi administrado na indução (8mg/kg) e na manutenção anestésica (0,5mg/kg/min). Em seguida, em cada grupo foi iniciada a modalidade ventilatória. Após 30 minutos da indução, os coelhos foram submetidos à hipovolemia, retirando-se 12mL/kg de sangue arterial. A primeira mensuração das características (M0) foi efetuada 40 minutos após a indução anestésica, seguida de mensurações em intervalos de 10 minutos depois da hipovolemia (M1 a M6). A partir de M3, o débito cardíaco foi maior em GM. Em ambos os grupos, as pressões arteriais e pressão venosa central diminuíram a partir de M1, enquanto a pressão arterial de oxigênio no sangue arterial aumentou a partir de M4. O esforço respiratório foi maior no GV em todos os momentos estudados. Conclui-se que a SIMV e a VAPSV foram seguras quanto à oxigenação arterial, garantindo uma adequada troca gasosa. Contudo, a SIMV mostrou-se a mais indicada em coelhos hipovolêmicos por manter melhor a estabilidade hemodinâmica, com a vantagem de proporcionar menor trabalho respiratório.

The effects of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) versus volume assured pressure support ventilation (VAPSV) on cardiorespiratory parameters in propofol-anesthetized rabbits induced to acute hypovolemia were evaluated. Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allotted to: GM under SIMV and GV under VAPSV. In premedication, ketamine (15mg/kg) and xylazine (1mg/kg) were administered intramuscularly. Propofol was used to induce (8mg/kg) and to maintain anesthesia (0.5mg/kg/min). Following, according to each group, the ventilation mode was started. After thirty minutes of anesthesia induction, rabbits were induced to hypovolemia by removing 12ml/kg of arterial blood. The initial measurement of parameters (M0) was recorded thirty minutes after anesthesia induction. Additional recordings were performed at 10-minute intervals after hypovolemia induction (M1 to M6). Cardiac output (CO) was bigger in GM. In both groups, arterial pressures and central venous pressure (CVP) decreased from M1, while arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) increased from M4. The respiratory effort was greater in GV at all times studied. In conclusion, VAPSV and SIMV were safe for arterial oxygenation and provided adequate gas exchange. However, the SIMV is more appropriate for hypovolemic rabbits, because it maintains hemodynamic stability and promotes lower respiratory work.

Eletrocardiografia computadorizada em cães da raça Beagle / Computerised electrocardiograph in Beagle dogs

Estudaram-se os parâmetros eletrocardiográficos utilizando-se os métodos convencional, computadorizado e computadorizado impresso de 30 cães da raça Beagle clinicamente normais. As medidas eletrocardiográficas dos três diferentes traçados foram analisadas na derivação DII. A comparação entre os métodos revelou diferença nos valores da onda P, onda R, complexo QRS, intervalo QT e intervalo PR e na polaridade da onda T. Este fato deve ser levado em consideração, na dependência do método a ser utilizado.

Electrocardiographic parameters were studied in thirty healthy adult Beagles, using conventional and computerized methods and reading the computerized registration printed on paper. The electrocardiographic measurements of the three different tracings were analyzed in lead II. The results obtained showed that there are differences among the three methods for P wave, R wave, QRS complex, QT interval, PR interval and polarity of the T wave. Special attention should be given to these differences, depending on the chosen method.

Criptococose diagnosticada por imprints de lesões em mucosa oral em cão / Cryptococcosis diagnosed by imprints of oral mucosa lesions in dog

The present report provides a cryptococcosis case affecting a Poodle dog that primarily presented the disease in its cutaneous form, but rapidly evolved to neurologic form and subsequent death. The clinical-pathological diagnosis was established by the examination of cytologic preparations obtained through fine needle cytological aspiration (FNCA) from cutaneous nodules and by imprints of ulcerative lesions presented at the oral cavity. Thus, this case report showed the importance of using other clinical-laboratorial diagnostic methods for cryptococcosis, especially of those preparations obtained from imprints of mucocutaneous ulcerative lesions.